The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired twice late to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.